What is the purpose of chromatography paper in organic chemistry?

Chromatography paper is primarily used to perform separations based on polarity. In this technique, various compounds in a mixture are represented on the chromatography paper, and as a solvent moves up the paper, different substances will travel at different rates. This variance in mobility is typically due to the differing polarities of the compounds being separated.

Polar substances tend to interact more strongly with the polar components of the paper, while nonpolar substances will have a greater affinity for the mobile phase (solvent) used. As a result, by the end of the process, distinct bands of substances can be observed on the paper, allowing for effective separation and analysis of the mixture. This method is widely used in organic chemistry for purifying compounds or analyzing the components of a mixture, making it a fundamental technique for students and professionals in the field.

Other choices do not accurately represent the function of chromatography paper in the context of organic chemistry. For example, while chromatography can be used to analyze components, it does not serve as a storage medium, measure boiling points, or dissolve compounds for analysis.